1. Understand the Sponsorship Requirements
The first step in applying for permanent residence through marriage is understanding the sponsorship requirements. The Canadian spouse, whether a citizen or permanent resident, must meet specific criteria to sponsor their partner. These include:
- Age: The sponsor must be at least 18 years old.
- Status: The sponsor must be a Canadian citizen or permanent resident. Canadian citizens can sponsor their spouse even if they live abroad, but they must plan to live in Canada once the spouse receives permanent residence.
- Financial Ability: The sponsor must demonstrate the ability to financially support their spouse and any dependent children. This includes providing basic needs such as food, shelter, and clothing, and ensuring that the sponsored person does not need to seek social assistance from the government.
For a detailed breakdown of sponsorship eligibility, you can visit the Government of Canada’s official website.
2. Gather the Required Documents
Once you confirm eligibility, the next step is to gather all the necessary documents for both the sponsor and the spouse. The documentation is crucial as it provides evidence of the relationship and the eligibility of both parties.
- Proof of Relationship: This includes your marriage certificate, photographs, communication records (emails, chat logs), and affidavits from family and friends attesting to the genuineness of your relationship.
- Identity Documents: Passports, birth certificates, and any other government-issued IDs.
- Police Certificates: Both the sponsor and the applicant may need to provide police certificates from countries where they have lived for more than six months since the age of 18.
- Medical Exam: The sponsored spouse must undergo a medical examination by a panel physician approved by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC).
For a complete list of required documents, refer to the official document checklist.
3. Choose Between Inland or Outland Sponsorship
Applicants need to decide whether to apply for inland or outland sponsorship.
Inland Sponsorship: If the spouse is already in Canada on a valid visa, they can apply through inland sponsorship. The advantage of this route is that the sponsored spouse may be eligible for an open work permit while their application is being processed.
Outland Sponsorship: This option is for spouses living outside of Canada. The application is processed through the visa office responsible for the applicant’s country of residence. Outland applications tend to be quicker, but the sponsored spouse may not be able to stay in Canada during processing unless they obtain a visitor visa.
You can learn more about the differences between these two options on the IRCC website.
4. Complete and Submit the Application
After gathering all required documents and deciding on the sponsorship type, the next step is to complete the application forms. These forms include:
- IMM 1344: Application to sponsor, sponsorship agreement, and undertaking.
- IMM 5532: Relationship Information and Sponsorship Evaluation.
- IMM 0008: Generic application form for Canada.
Make sure that all forms are filled out accurately and honestly. Double-check that all documents are included, as incomplete applications can lead to delays or even rejection.
Once completed, submit the application package to the correct processing center. For details on where to submit your application, check the submission guidelines.
5. Pay the Application Fees
There are several fees associated with the sponsorship application, including:
- Sponsorship Fee: This fee is paid by the sponsor and covers the cost of processing the application.
- Right of Permanent Residence Fee (RPRF): This fee must be paid before the sponsored spouse becomes a permanent resident.
- Biometrics Fee: The sponsored spouse will likely need to provide biometrics (fingerprints and photos) as part of the application process.
Fees can be paid online, and you should retain the receipt as proof of payment when submitting your application. For the most up-to-date fee information, visit the fee payment page.
6. Await Processing and Provide Additional Information if Needed
After submission, the application will go through several stages, including initial review, background checks, and final decision. The processing times can vary depending on the type of application and the visa office handling it. You can check the current processing times on the IRCC processing times page.
During this period, IRCC may request additional information or documents. Respond promptly to any requests to avoid delays in the processing of your application.
7. Prepare for a Possible Interview
In some cases, IRCC may require an interview to verify the genuineness of your relationship. This interview typically involves questions about your relationship history, daily life, and future plans together.
Preparation is key for this interview. Both spouses should be ready to answer questions consistently and truthfully. It’s also helpful to review the documents submitted with your application, as the officer may refer to them during the interview.
8. Receive a Decision
Once IRCC has completed the processing of your application, you will receive a decision. If approved, the sponsored spouse will be issued a Confirmation of Permanent Residence (COPR) and, if they are outside of Canada, a permanent resident visa. They must present these documents at a Canadian port of entry to finalize their permanent residence status.
If the application is refused, IRCC will provide reasons for the refusal, and you may have the option to appeal the decision or reapply.
9. Settle in Canada as a Permanent Resident
Upon arrival in Canada, the sponsored spouse must present their COPR and undergo a final review by a border services officer. Once admitted, they will officially become a permanent resident of Canada, enjoying rights such as the ability to work, study, and access healthcare.
To help with your settlement, IRCC provides resources and support services for new immigrants. You can find more information about these resources on the IRCC settlement services page.
Conclusion
Applying for Canadian permanent residence through marriage involves several steps, each requiring careful attention to detail. By following this guide and utilizing the linked resources, you can navigate the process more smoothly and increase your chances of a successful application. Canada values family reunification, and through marriage, you and your spouse can build a new life together in this welcoming and diverse country.